Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide. A blood test is the only reliable way to confirm it, as symptoms overlap with many other conditions.
What is measured?
A complete iron profile includes ferritin (iron stores, most important), haemoglobin, MCV (red blood cell size), serum iron, transferrin and transferrin saturation (below 20% indicates deficiency).
Iron deficiency vs iron deficiency anaemia
Iron deficiency: low ferritin but normal haemoglobin (stores depleted, body compensating). Iron deficiency anaemia: low ferritin AND low haemoglobin (advanced stage). Both cause symptoms: do not wait for haemoglobin to drop.
When to test
Persistent fatigue, pallor, heavy menstruation, vegetarian/vegan diet, pregnancy, intensive sports, restless legs or hair loss.
Frequently asked questions
Is haemoglobin alone sufficient to rule out iron deficiency?
No. Haemoglobin drops only in advanced deficiency. Ferritin is the most sensitive marker and drops first.
How long does treatment take?
Haemoglobin typically improves within 4-8 weeks. Ferritin takes 3-6 months to fully replenish. Do not stop supplementation too early.
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