Kidney
22 markers in this category
Citrate
Urinary citrate testing provides insight into your kidney stone risk. Maintaining healthy citrate levels is an important part of proactive kidney health management and stone prevention.
Creatinine
Creatinine is the most widely used marker for kidney function assessment. Regular monitoring provides early insight into kidney health and helps ensure timely intervention if filtration capacity begins to decline.
Creatinine (Urine)
Urinary creatinine testing helps assess kidney filtration efficiency and ensures accurate interpretation of other urine tests. It is a practical component of comprehensive health screening.
Cystatin C
Cystatin C is an advanced kidney function marker that provides a highly accurate estimate of filtration rate. When combined with creatinine testing, it offers the most comprehensive assessment of kidney health available.
Microalbumin (Urine)
Microalbumin testing is a proactive screening tool that detects early signs of kidney damage before symptoms develop. Regular monitoring supports timely intervention and helps maintain long-term kidney health.
Oxalate
Urinary oxalate testing helps assess your risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Proactive monitoring allows you to make informed dietary and hydration choices to support long-term kidney health.
Protein (Urine)
Proteinuria testing is a straightforward screening tool for kidney health. Detecting protein in urine early can help identify conditions such as kidney disease or diabetes-related kidney changes before significant damage occurs.
Urea (BUN)
BUN is a key kidney function marker that provides valuable insight into how well your kidneys filter waste products. Regular monitoring helps detect potential kidney issues early, supporting proactive health management.
Urine Bilirubin
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment formed when red blood cells break down. It is normally not found in urine, so a positive dipstick result can point to the liver or bile ducts.
Urine Blood
This dipstick result detects blood in the urine that may not be visible to the eye. Blood can come from anywhere in the urinary tract and has many possible causes, from infection to kidney stones.
Urine Culture
A urine culture accurately identifies the bacteria causing a urinary tract infection and determines the most effective antibiotic treatment. This targeted approach supports faster recovery and helps prevent antibiotic resistance.
Urine Glucose
Glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys and is not present in urine. When blood sugar is high, glucose can spill into the urine and show up on a dipstick test.
Urine Ketones
Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose. Small amounts can appear during fasting or a low-carbohydrate diet, while higher levels can have a medical cause.
Urine Leukocytes
Leukocytes are white blood cells. Normally they have no place in your urine. The expected result is therefore negative. Does your result say trace, 1+, 2+ or 3+? Then immune cells are active somewhere in your urinary tract. That does not yet mean you have a bladder infection. The dipstick does not measure those cells directly. It measures leukocyte esterase, a substance the cells release. So the pad can be positive while the lab sees almost no cells. What your result really means depends on your symptoms and on what a culture grows. And note: this is entirely separate from the leukocytes in your blood.
Urine Nitrite
Nitrite is not normally found in urine. Certain bacteria convert nitrate into nitrite, so a positive dipstick result can be a sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection.
Urine Screening
Urine screening is a simple, comprehensive test that assesses multiple health parameters at once. It serves as an excellent baseline screening tool for proactive health management, detecting potential issues from kidney health to metabolic status.
Urine Sediment
Urine sediment analysis provides a detailed microscopic examination of your urine, offering insights beyond what a standard dipstick test can reveal. It supports thorough evaluation of kidney health and helps detect conditions at an early stage.
Urine Sediment Leukocytes
Sediment leukocytes are white blood cells counted under the microscope in spun-down urine. A few are normal; a higher number can point to inflammation or infection in the urinary tract.
Urine Specific Gravity
Specific gravity reflects how concentrated your urine is, which is closely tied to how well hydrated you are. It typically ranges from about 1.002 to 1.035.
Urine Squamous Epithelial Cells
Squamous epithelial cells line the lower urinary and genital tract. A few in the urine are normal; larger numbers usually mean the sample picked up cells from the skin around the urethra rather than signalling disease.
Urine pH
Urine pH describes how acidic or alkaline your urine is. It naturally varies through the day with diet, hydration and other factors, and usually falls between roughly 4.5 and 8.0.
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
eGFR is the most important measure of kidney function and the primary tool for detecting chronic kidney disease early. Regular monitoring empowers you to take proactive steps to protect your kidney health before symptoms develop.