Cardiovascular
16 markers in this category
ApoA1 (Apolipoprotein A1)
ApoA1 provides deeper cardiovascular insight than standard HDL testing. Including it in your lipid panel supports comprehensive heart disease risk assessment.
ApoB (Apolipoprotein B)
ApoB is considered one of the best predictors of cardiovascular risk. Including it in your health screening provides actionable insight for heart disease prevention.
CK-MB
CK-MB is a valuable cardiac marker for detecting heart muscle damage early. Including it in your health screening supports comprehensive cardiac risk assessment.
Cholesterol/HDL Ratio
The cholesterol/HDL ratio is your total cholesterol divided by your HDL. A lower ratio points to a more favourable profile and a lower cardiovascular risk. Learn what your value can mean.
HDL Cholesterol
HDL cholesterol is the amount of cholesterol sitting inside your HDL particles. Those particles collect cholesterol from around your body and bring it back to your liver. That is where HDL gets its nickname of good cholesterol, and that nickname is the reason this value is almost always read wrongly. HDL is not good and LDL is not bad. HDL is above all a gauge of your metabolism: the value drops with excess weight, smoking and inactivity, and those are the things that carry the risk. And more is not automatically better. On this page you can read in plain language what your HDL value means, when it is too low, and why a high HDL is no certificate of health.
LDL Cholesterol
LDL cholesterol is the cholesterol travelling around inside LDL particles. Those particles can get stuck in the wall of your blood vessels, which is why LDL is popularly called the bad cholesterol. Two things nobody tends to mention. Your LDL is usually not measured but calculated from three other values on the same report. And the 3.0 mmol/l limit printed underneath is not a goal, it is a picture of the average population. Whether your number is too high depends on your risk: your age, your blood pressure, smoking, diabetes and what runs in your family. Here is what your result means, in plain words.
LDL/HDL Ratio
The LDL/HDL ratio is your LDL divided by your HDL, and below 3 is usually called fine. Do not mix it up with your cholesterol ratio. That one puts total cholesterol on the top line and its limit sits around 5. Two numbers, two scales. A 4 is tidy on one scale and too high on the other. This is also an old number. Guidelines do not steer by it. And a fraction hides the values it came from: two people with exactly the same ratio can carry very different amounts of LDL. So always look at the numbers underneath.
Lipoprotein(a)
Almost every blood value you have taken will need taking again sooner or later. Your cholesterol shifts, your blood sugar shifts, your iron shifts. Lp(a) does not. Lp(a), short for lipoprotein(a), is a cholesterol-carrying particle with an extra protein attached to it. How much of it you have in your blood is more than 90 percent written into your DNA. It is set early in life and barely changes afterwards, no matter how you eat or how much you move. That is why this is a test you do once. You learn a number that is yours and that stays yours. And that number tells you something your ordinary cholesterol test does not show.
NT-proBNP
NT-proBNP is one of the most sensitive markers for heart failure screening. Proactive testing supports early detection and cardiac health management.
Non-HDL Cholesterol
Non-HDL cholesterol is your total cholesterol minus your HDL cholesterol. That is all it is. You can work it out yourself from a report that may already be sitting in a drawer at home. What is left after that subtraction is the cholesterol inside every particle that can settle into your artery wall. Your GP usually looks at your LDL. That number does appear on your report, but it is mostly not measured: the lab estimates it with an arithmetic formula, and that formula can go wrong. Non-HDL involves no formula at all, and you do not have to fast for it. The 3.3 mmol/l printed on your report is an average for the population. It is not a target.
Omega 3 + 6
The omega-3/omega-6 ratio is a modifiable risk factor for chronic inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Testing supports targeted dietary interventions.
Omega-3 Index
The Omega-3 Index is one of the most actionable cardiovascular markers — it responds well to dietary changes and provides clear risk stratification.
Oxidized LDL
oxLDL is an advanced marker that reveals the quality of your LDL beyond quantity. Including it provides deeper cardiovascular risk insight for prevention.
Total Cholesterol
Total cholesterol is the foundational lipid screening marker. Regular testing provides the first line of cardiovascular risk detection.
Triglycerides
Triglycerides are a key metabolic marker. Regular testing helps detect metabolic syndrome early and supports comprehensive cardiovascular risk management.
Troponin T (Cardiac)
Troponin T is the most sensitive marker for detecting even minor heart muscle damage. Understanding this marker is key for comprehensive cardiac health awareness.