Syphilis VDRL test (RPR): what this blood test looks at
The syphilis VDRL (RPR) is a non-treponemal blood test that can reflect disease activity and is also used to follow how the body responds over time. It gives a data point, not a diagnosis. A doctor can interpret it alongside other tests.
Doctor's Assessment Included
Reference Ranges
Reference ranges may vary between laboratories. When you order a test, a BIG-registered doctor assesses your personal results in context. For treatment decisions, discuss your results with your GP.
Check your own valueSyphilis (VDRL): what this test measures
This test detects non-treponemal antibodies (reagin) that the body produces in response to cellular damage caused by Treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes syphilis. The result is reported as a titre, which reflects the level of antibody activity.
A rising titre may indicate active or recent infection, while a declining titre after treatment suggests successful therapy. It is important to note that the RPR test can occasionally produce false positive results due to other conditions, which is why positive results are confirmed with a treponemal-specific test.
Syphilis (VDRL): why this value matters
A reactive result can point to syphilis activity, but it does not confirm a diagnosis on its own. Because non-treponemal tests can give false-positive results, a doctor may combine it with a treponemal test. Discuss any result with a huisarts or the BIG-registered doctor.
Syphilis (VDRL): how to prepare
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Respect the window period
RequiredThis test is only reliable from 4 weeks after the exposure. Full certainty takes 90 days and a second test. If you have symptoms, test straight away.
- Water is always fine. Drink as usual beforehand, it makes the draw easier.
- Take your usual medication, unless your own doctor told you otherwise.
Syphilis (VDRL): when is testing worthwhile?
This test can become reactive roughly 1 to 4 weeks after a primary sore (chancre) appears, so testing too early may miss it. A doctor can help you decide on timing and whether a repeat test is useful. Confirmatory testing may be advised after a reactive result.
Syphilis (VDRL): what to do about an abnormal value
Male
Non-reactive result indicates no syphilis infection. Continue safe sexual practices.
Reactive result requires confirmation testing and antibiotic treatment. Consult with infectious disease specialist or STD clinic.
Female
Non-reactive result indicates no syphilis infection. Continue safe sexual practices.
Reactive result requires confirmation testing and antibiotic treatment. Consult with infectious disease specialist or STD clinic.
Syphilis (VDRL): lifestyle and this value
Consistent condom use reduces the risk of syphilis transmission, although sores can occur in areas not covered by condoms. Regular STI screening is essential, particularly for those at higher risk. Reducing the number of sexual partners also lowers exposure risk.
If diagnosed with syphilis, complete the full course of treatment as prescribed and attend all follow-up appointments for titre monitoring. Notify recent sexual partners so they can be tested and treated. Avoid sexual contact until treatment is complete and your healthcare provider confirms it is safe to resume.
Syphilis (VDRL): frequently asked questions
Does a reactive result mean I have syphilis?
No. A reactive VDRL is a data point that can suggest syphilis activity, but it does not confirm a diagnosis. A doctor may add a treponemal test and assess your situation before drawing conclusions.
How soon after exposure can this test detect something?
It can become reactive roughly 1 to 4 weeks after a primary sore appears. If you test very early, the result may not yet reflect a recent exposure, so a doctor may suggest repeating it.
What kind of sample is needed?
It is a blood test, so a small blood sample is taken at one of the collection locations. You can order it online without a referral and discuss your result with a doctor.
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Doctor's Assessment Included
Every result includes a professional assessment from a BIG-registered doctor. For treatment decisions, discuss your results with your GP.
Syphilis (VDRL)
€36,-