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Autoimmune

Immunoglobulin IgA: what the blood test measures

Immunoglobulin IgA provides essential immune function data and validates IgA-based screening tests like anti-TTG for coeliac disease.

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Immunoglobulin IgA: what this test measures

This test measures the serum concentration of immunoglobulin A. IgA is produced by plasma cells in mucosal tissues and protects body surfaces exposed to the external environment.

Immunoglobulin IgA: why this value matters

IgA deficiency affects approximately 1 in 500 people and may be associated with recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. IgA levels must also be adequate for coeliac disease antibody tests (anti-TTG, endomysium) to be reliable.

Immunoglobulin IgA: when is testing worthwhile?

Testing could be indicated for recurrent sinopulmonary or gastrointestinal infections, suspected immunodeficiency, alongside coeliac disease testing (to validate IgA-based tests), or evaluation of IgA nephropathy.

Immunoglobulin IgA: symptoms of a high or low value

Low Levels

Low IgA may be associated with recurrent infections (sinusitis, pneumonia, gastrointestinal), autoimmune conditions, and allergies. Many IgA-deficient individuals are asymptomatic.

High Levels

Elevated IgA may indicate chronic infections, IgA nephropathy, liver disease (particularly alcoholic), inflammatory bowel disease, or IgA myeloma.

Immunoglobulin IgA: lifestyle and this value

If IgA deficiency is confirmed, discuss vaccination strategies and infection prevention with your healthcare provider. Wear a medical alert bracelet as IgA-deficient patients may have transfusion reactions to IgA-containing blood products.

Immunoglobulin IgA: frequently asked questions

Why test IgA with coeliac disease screening?
Anti-TTG and endomysium tests are IgA-based. If you are IgA deficient, these tests may give false-negative results. IgG-based alternatives must be used instead.
Is IgA deficiency treatable?
There is no specific treatment to replace IgA. Management focuses on prompt treatment of infections and awareness of the condition.
Can IgA deficiency cause blood transfusion problems?
Yes. Some IgA-deficient patients develop anti-IgA antibodies, which can cause anaphylactic transfusion reactions. Washed or IgA-depleted blood products may be needed.

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Immunoglobulin IgA

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